SQL Operators

SQL Arithmetic Operators

Operator	Description	Example
+	Addition	SELECT 5 + 3; -- Output: 8
-	Subtraction	SELECT 5 - 3; -- Output: 2
*	Multiplication	SELECT 5 * 3; -- Output: 15
/	Division	SELECT 6 / 3; -- Output: 2
%	Modulus (Remainder)	SELECT 5 % 2; -- Output: 1

SQL Comparison Operators

Operator	Description	Example
=	Equal to	SELECT 5 = 3; -- Output: 0
<> or !=	Not equal to	SELECT 5 != 3; -- Output: 1
<	Less than	SELECT 5 < 3; -- Output: 0
<=	Less than or equal to	SELECT 5 <= 3; -- Output: 0
!<	Not less thanto	SELECT 5 !< 3; -- Output: 1
>	Greater than	SELECT 5 > 3; -- Output: 1
>=	Greater than or equal to	SELECT 5 >= 3; -- Output: 1
!>	Not greater than	SELECT 5 !> 3; -- Output: 0

Operators !<, !> are not supported by every DB!

Operator	Description	Example
ALL	Returns true if all subquery values meet the condition	SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary > ALL (SELECT salary FROM managers);
AND	Returns true if both conditions are true	SELECT * FROM customers WHERE age > 25 AND city = 'New York';
ANY	Returns true if any subquery values meet the condition	SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary > ANY (SELECT salary FROM managers);
BETWEEN	Returns true if a value is within a range of values	SELECT * FROM products WHERE price BETWEEN 10 AND 20;
EXISTS	Returns true if a subquery contains any rows	SELECT * FROM customers WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM orders WHERE orders.customer_id = customers.id);
IN	Returns true if a value matches any value in a list	SELECT * FROM customers WHERE city IN ('New York', 'Los Angeles');
LIKE	Returns true if a value matches a pattern	SELECT * FROM customers WHERE name LIKE 'J%';
NOT	Reverses the result of a condition	SELECT * FROM customers WHERE NOT city = 'New York';
OR	Returns true if either condition is true	SELECT * FROM customers WHERE age > 25 OR city = 'New York';
IS NULL	Returns true if a value is null	SELECT * FROM customers WHERE phone IS NULL;
UNIQUE	Returns true if all values in a column are unique	SELECT UNIQUE product_name FROM orders;